Quote - Fresnel Blend:

Outer Color is defined as the color of the surfaces facing away from the camera. When I think of outer color and inner color, I think of a sphere with the light (or color) outside of the sphere and the light (or color) that is inside the sphere. This seems to imply the opposite: that outer color is the color of the parts of the sphere that are on the inside or facing away from the camera.

Similarly for Inner Color, it is defined as the color of the surfaces facing towards the camera, which is what I would consider the outside of the sphere.

Can someone explain this a little better?

I believe you are confusing outer and inner with exterior and interior.  Outer refers to the edges of a sphere, for example, which are moving away from the camera. Or facing away from the camera.  Inner is the surface closest to the camera, or facing the camera.